|
|
|
Khabbab Ibn Al-Aratt
A woman named Umm Anmaar who belonged to the Khuza'a tribe in Makkah
went to the slave market in the city. She wanted to buy herself a youth
for her domestic chores and to exploit his labour for economic gains.
As she scrutinized the faces of those who were displayed for sale, her
eyes fell on a boy who was obviously not yet in his teens. She saw that
he was strong and healthy and that there were clear signs of
intelligence on his face. She needed no further incentive to purchase
him. She paid and walked away with her new acquisition.
On the way home, Umm Anmaar turned to the boy and said:
"What's your name, boy?"
"Khabbab."
"And what's your father's name?"
"Al-Aratt."
"Where do you come from?"
"From Najd."
"Then you are an Arab!"
"Yes, from the Banu Tamim."
"How then did you come into the hands of the slave dealers in Makkah?"
"One of the Arab tribes raided our territory. They took our cattle and
captured women and children. I was among the youths captured. I passed
from one hand to another until I ended up in Makkah . . ."
Umm Anmaar placed the youth as an apprentice to one of the blacksmiths
in Makkah to learn the art of making swords. The youth learnt quickly
and was soon an expert at the profession. When he was strong enough,
Umm Anmaar set up a workshop for him with all the necessary tools and
equipment for making swords. Before long he was quite famous in Makkah
for his excellent craftsmanship. People also liked dealing with him
because of his honesty and integrity. Umm Anmaar gained much profit
through him and exploited his talents to the full.
In spite of his youthfulness, Khabbab displayed unique intelligence and
wisdom. Often, when he had finished work and was left to himself, he
would reflect deeply on the state of Arabian society which was so
steeped in corruption. He was appalled at the aimless wandering, the
ignorance and the tyranny which he saw. He was one of the victims of
this tyranny and he would say to himself:
"After this night of darkness, there must be a dawn." And he hoped that
he would live long enough to see the darkness dissipate with the steady
glow and brightness of new light.
Khabbab did not have to wait long. He was privileged to be in Makkah
when the first rays of the light of Islam penetrated the city. It
emanated from the lips of Muhammad ibn Abdullah as he announced that
none deserves to be worshipped or adored except the Creator and
Sustainer of the universe. He called for an end to injustice and
oppression and sharply criticised the practices of the rich in
accumulating wealth at the expense of the poor and the outcast. He
denounced aristocratic privileges and attitudes and called for a new
order based on respect for human dignity and compassion for the
underprivileged including orphans, wayfarers and the needy.
To Khabbab, the teachings of Muhammad were like a powerful light
dispelling the darkness of ignorance. He went and listened to these
teachings directly from him. Without any hesitation he stretched out
his hand to the Prophet in allegiance and testified that "There is no
god but Allah and Muhammad is His servant and His messenger." He was
among the first ten persons to accept Islam.
Khabbab did not hide his acceptance of Islam from anyone. When the news
of his becoming a Muslim reached Umm Anmaar, she became incensed with
anger. She went to her brother Siba'a ibn Abd al-Uzza who gathered a
gang of youths from the Khuza'a tribe and together they made their way
to Khabbab. They found him completely engrossed in his work. Siba'a
went up to him and said:
"We have heard some news from you which we don't believe."
"What is it?" asked Khabbab.
"We have been told that you have given up your religion and that you
now follow that man from the Banu Hashim ."
"I have not given up my religion," replied Khabbab calmly. "I only
believe in One God Who has no partner. I reject your idols and I
believe that Muhammad is the servant of God and His messenger."
No sooner had Khabbab spoken these words than Siba'a and his gang set
upon him. They beat him with their fists and with iron bars and they
kicked him until he fell unconscious to the ground, with blood
streaming from the wounds he received.
The news of what happened between Khabbab and his slave mistress spread
throughout Makkah like wild-fire. People were astonished at Khabbab's
daring. They had not yet heard of anyone who followed Muhammad and who
had had the audacity to announce the fact with such frankness and
defiant confidence.
The Khabbab affair shook the leaders of the Quraysh. They did not
expect that a blacksmith, such as belonged to Umm Anmaar and who had no
clan in Makkah to protect him and no asabEyyah to prevent him from
injury, would be bold enough to go outside her authority, denounce her
gods and reject the religion of her forefathers. They realized that
this was only the beginning . . .
The Quraysh were not wrong in their expectations. Khabbab's courage
impressed many of his friends and encouraged them to announce their
acceptance of Islam. One after another, they began to proclaim publicly
the message of truth.
In the precincts of the Haram, near the Ka'bah, the Quraysh leaders
gathered to discuss the problem of Muhammad. Among them were Abu Sufyan
ibn Harb, al- Walid ibn al-Mughira and Abu Jahl ibn Hisham. They noted
that Muhammad was getting stronger and that hi sfollowing was
increasing day by day, indeed hour by hour. To them this was like a
terrible disease and they made up their minds to stop it before it got
out of control. They decided that each tribe should get hold of any
follower of Muhammad among them and punish him until he either recants
his faith or dies.
On Siba'a ibn Abd al-Uzza and his people fell the task of punishing
Khabbab even further. Regularly they began taking him to an open area
in the city when the sun was at its zenith and the ground was scorching
hot. They would take off his clothes and dress him in iron armour and
lay him on the ground. In the intense heat his skin would be seared and
his body would become inert. When it appeared that all strength had
left him, they would come up and challenge him:
"What do you say about Muhammad?"
"He is the servant of God and His messenger. He has come with the
religion of guidance and truth, to lead us from darkness into light."
They would become more furious and intensify their beating. They would
ask about al-Laat and al-Uzza and he would reply firmly:
"Two idols, deaf and dumb, that cannot cause harm or bring any
benefit..."
This enraged them even more and they would take a big hot stone and
place it on his back. Khabbab's pain and anguish would be excruciating
but he did not recant.
The inhumanity of Umm Anmaar towards Khabbab was not less than that of
her brother. Once she saw the Prophet speaking to Khabbab at his
workshop and she flew into a blind rage. Every day after that, for
several days, she went to Khabbab's workshop and punished him by
placing a red hot iron from the furnace on his head. The agony was
unbearable and he often fainted.
Khabbab suffered long and his only recourse was to prayer. He prayed
for the punishment of Umm Anmaar and her brother. His release from pain
and suffering only came when the Prophet, peace be upon him, gave
permission to his companions to emigrate to Madinah. Umm Anmaar by then
could not prevent him from going. She herself became afflicted with a
tertible illness which no one had heard of before. She behaved as if
she had suffered a rabid attack. The headaches she had were especially
nerve-racking. Her children sought everywhere for medical help until
finally they were told that the only cure was to cauterize her head.
This was done. The treatment, with a ret hot iron, was more terrible
than all the headaches she suffered.
At Madinah, among the generous and hospitable Ansar, Khabbab
experienced a state of ease and restfulness which he had not known for
a long time. He was delighted to be near the Prophet, peace be upon
him, with no one to molest him or disturb his happiness.
He fought alongside the noble Prophet at the battle of Badr. He
participated in the battle of Uhud where he had the satisfaction of
seeing Siba'a ibn Abd al-Uzza meet his end at the hands of Hamza ibn
Abd al-Muttalib, the uncle of the Prophet.
Khabbab lived long enough to witness the great expansiOn of Islam under
the four Khulafaa ar- RashidunÑAbu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali. He once
visited Umar during his caliphate. Umar stood upÑhe was in a
meetingÑand greeted Khabbab with the words:
"No one is more deserving than you to be in this assembly other than
Bilal."
He asked Khabbab about the torture and the persecution he had received
at the hands of the mushrikeen. Khabbab described this in some detail
since it was still very vivid in his mind. He then exposed his back and
even Umar was aghast at what he saw.
In the last phase of his life, Khabbab was blessed with wealth such as
he had never before dreamed of. He was, however, well-known for his
generosity. It is even said that he placed his dirhams and his dinars
in a part of his house that was known to the poor and the needy. He did
not secure this money in any way and those in need would come and take
what they needed without seeking any permission or asking any questions.
In spite of this, he was always afraid of his accountability to God for
the way he disposed of this wealth. A group of companions related that
they visited Khabbab when he was sick and he said:
"In this place there are eighty thousand dirhams. By God, I have never
secured it any way and I have not barred anyone in need from it."
He wept and they asked why he was weeping.
"I weep," he said, "because my companions have passed away and they did
not obtain any such reward in this world. I have lived on and have
acquired this wealth and I fear that this will be the only reward for
my deeds."
Soon after he passed away. The Khalifah Ali ibn abi Talib, may God be
pleased with him, stood at his grave and said:
"May God have mercy on Khabbab. He accepted Islam wholeheartedly. He
performed hijrah willingly. He lived as a mujahid and God shall not
withhold the reward of one who has done good."
|
|
Source: Companions of
the Prophet-Abdul Wahid Hamid
|
|
|
Copyright © ourdeen.net All Rights Reserved.
For
more information contact: contact@ourdeen.net
|
